Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a form of encryption that allows computation on encrypted data without decrypting it first. The result, once decrypted, is equivalent to if the operations had been performed on the plaintext.
Enables secure cloud computing where data privacy is paramount, allowing computations on sensitive data hosted remotely without revealing the data itself.
Data is encoded into lattice-based ciphertexts which support basic arithmetic operations like addition and multiplication. These operations can be chained together for more complex computations. Periodic 'bootstrapping' processes are used to keep noise levels in check, ensuring that long chains of operations remain valid without decryption.
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Involves complex mathematical algorithms and requires significant computational resources for both encryption and computation processes. Current implementations are highly specialized software solutions.
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