Phase-Change Thermal Storage (PCM) utilizes materials that undergo a phase change between solid and liquid states to store and release thermal energy. These materials absorb heat as they melt and release the stored latent heat during refreezing.
PCM addresses the need for efficient storage of large amounts of thermal energy in compact forms, suitable for applications where precise temperature control is required, such as building heating/cooling systems or waste-heat recovery from industrial processes.
The process involves selecting a phase-change material, such as salt hydrates or waxes, which is encapsulated in small particles or contained within a matrix. When exposed to heat, these materials melt and store energy at their phase transition temperature. The stored thermal energy can then be released when the material refreezes, providing a way to buffer and regulate temperature fluctuations.
Manufacturing PCM involves selecting appropriate phase-change materials based on their melting and freezing points. The materials are then encapsulated into small particles or contained within a matrix to ensure safe handling during the phase change process. This can be done through various techniques, including injection molding or encasing in polymers.
The build process for PCM systems involves integrating these encapsulated phase-change materials into thermal storage units. These units are then installed in buildings or industrial settings where they can absorb heat during peak times and release it when needed to maintain a stable temperature environment.
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