MXenes

MXenes are a class of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides derived from MAX phases through selective etching. They exhibit high electrical conductivity and can be used in various applications such as energy storage and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding.

MXenes address the need for materials with high electrical conductivity and stability in demanding environments. They offer potential solutions for energy storage devices, such as batteries and supercapacitors, and EMI shielding applications.

The process involves selectively removing the A-layer from MAX phase ceramics, which are composed of a transition metal layer sandwiched between two layers of an A-element (usually carbon or nitrogen). This etching reveals conductive MXene sheets with unique electronic properties.

• carbon
• nitrogen
• transition metals

The manufacturing process of MXenes involves precise chemical etching techniques to remove the A-layer from MAX phase ceramics, typically using hydrofluoric acid or other strong acids. This step is critical for obtaining high-quality MXene sheets with controlled thickness and morphology.

MXenes are synthesized by first preparing MAX phases through solid-state reactions or sol-gel processes. The A-layer is then selectively etched away to form MXene nanosheets, which can be further processed into functional devices or composites.

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MAX phases

A class of ternary carbides or nitrides with the general formula MAX, where M represents a transition metal, A is an element from group 13 (B, Al, Ga, In, Tl), and X can be carbon or nitrogen.

Selective etching

A chemical process used to remove specific layers of materials without affecting the underlying structure, often employed in the synthesis of MXenes by removing the A-layer from MAX phases.

EMI shielding

The practice of reducing electromagnetic interference (EMI) through the use of conductive or magnetic materials that absorb or reflect the interfering radiation.

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